The twenty-first century—an era defined by datafication, algorithmic governance, and mass surveillance—has rendered Michel Foucault’s social philosophy more urgent than at any point since its inception. His triadic understanding of knowledge, power, and surveillance continues to provide one of the most insightful conceptual frameworks for analyzing how modern institutions classify, regulate, and normalize individuals. In a world increasingly mediated by digital infrastructures, predictive analytics, biometric systems, and algorithmic decision-making, Foucault’s critique of disciplinary power and biopolitical governance acquires renewed relevance. The rise of surveillance capitalism, the expansion of state monitoring, and the emergence of corporate data empires suggest that the mechanisms of social control today are far more diffuse, pervasive, and intimate than the panoptic institutions of the industrial era.